Introduction to surveying. Principle of measurement, error, and mistake. Chain surveying and reconnaissance surveying. Levelling and trigonometric levelling. Route surveying. Profile and cross-sectioning. Theodolite and traversing. Stadia surveying. Measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. Data adjustment and correction. Error propagation. Directions in surveying. Bearing and Azimuth Compass surveying. Plane tabling. Precise topographic mapping and contouring. Map plotting. Tacheometry. Total Station
Triangulation and Trilateration. Volume of earthwork. Mass diagram. Horizontal curves. Vertical curves. Introduction and basic principles of photogrammetry. Remote sensing fundamental. Basic GPS.